References:
- Jacques de Gheyn’s military drill manual Wapenhandelinghe van Roers Musquetten ende Speissen (1607) was translated and published in England as The Exercise of Arms. View its famous plates on the online collection at the Metropolitan Museum of Art.
- Milton’s sonnets to Fairfax, Cromwell, and Vane may be read on The John Milton Reading Room website under the heading of Uncollected Sonnets – respectively, 15, 16, and 17.
- Here, Dr. Bardunias models Abdiel’s movements at Paradise Lost 6.186-198:

Select bibliography:
- Paul M. Bardunias and Fred Eugene Ray, Jr. Hoplites at War: A Comprehensive Analysis of Heavy Infantry Combat in the Greek World, 750-100 BCE. Jefferson, NC: McFarland, 2016.
- David H. Lawrence. The Complete Soldier: Military Books and Military Culture in Early Stuart England, 1603-1645. Leiden: Brill, 2009.